Class 10 CF5

Crowned bust facing/Long Cross

London

S1414; 18mm, 1.38g

Edward was one of the great warrior kings of the Middle Ages. Also known as Longshanks on account of his height and as the Hammer of the Scots he initially rebelled against his father, Henry III, but was loyal during the Barons war. Captured by the barons he quickly escaped and defeated and killed the baron’s leader Simon de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham in AD 1265. Effectively acting as Regent for the remainder of Henry’s reign Edward away on a Crusade when Henry died in AD 1272. During the early part of his reign he campaigned against the Welsh eventually conquering the country and installing his son, Edward II, as Prince of Wales. Many of the castles in Wales and the borders were built by Edward to help garrison the country.
Initially Edwards relations with Scotland were amical however after the death of Alexander III there was a crisis of succession. When John Balliol was eventually chosen to succeed his refusal accept Edward as overlord or to provide troops for Edwards campaign against France resulted in Edward’s invasion of Scotland in AD 1296. He beat the Scots at the Battle of Dunbar and captured Berwick upon Tweed. John Balliol was deposed and Edward also removed Scottish Coronation stone from Scone and took it back to Westminster.
The following year the Scots under William Wallace defeated the English. Edward returned to Scotland and eventually succeeded in capturing Wallace who was transported back to London where he was hung, drawn and quartered. The Scots then rallied under Robert the Bruce. Edward was on his way back to Scotland when he died near Carlisle.
Edward was instrumental in the establishment of Parliament and also for carrying out various Legal reforms. He also is known for his persecution of the English Jews and their eventual expulsion in AD 1290 following a long running dispute with the church.
During Edwards reign the great recoinage of AD 1279 saw Short Cross pennies being replaced by the Long Cross Penny in an attempt to prevent coins from being clipped. Silver Halfpennies and Farthings were introduced for the first time as well as a Silver Groat although in the case the groat the issue was soon withdrawn. There were also coin issues minted in Ireland whilst Edward was king and also Lord of Ireland prior to his accession. In the Anglo Gallic series coins in Edwards name were issued in both Aquitaine and Ponthieu.

The post Edward I AD 1272-1307 Silver Penny London Long Cross type appeared first on Silbury Coins.

Short Cross type

Crowned bust facing/Voided Short Cross

London / Henri

18mm, 1.34g

Henry was only 9 years old when he became king and initially there was a Regency with William Marshall effectively in charge. After an unsuccessful attempt of invasion by the French in AD 1217 was defeated off Sandwich and eventually peace was restored when the treaty of Lambeth was signed. An agreement was also reached with the Barons.
William Marshall died in AD 1219 and was succeeded by Hubert De Burgh. When Henry assumed full control in AD 1227 Hubert De Burgh was retained as chief minister. In AD 1230 a new war broke out when Henry tried to reclaim his lost territories in France. This campaign achieved nothing.
At home Henry maintained peace with Scotland and in Wales his position was strengthened by the construction of many new castles. Revenues received from Ireland were also important and many new estates were also granted to supporters. In AD 1254 Henry’s son Edward was created Lord of Ireland. English influence in Ireland was at a peak for the Medieval period.
In AD 1258 Barons revolted again mainly over Henry’s style of government. Led by Simon De Montfort the barons attempted instigate reforms at the Provisions of Oxford however neither side was able to establish complete control. Eventually Civil War broke out and Henry was defeated at the Battle of Lewes in AD 1264 and was captured. His son, Edward then raised a new army and defeated the rebels at the Battle of Evesham where De Montfort was killed. Henry was released and took revenge sequestering many of the rebel’s land. He did however agree to a number of reforms which limited the power of some Royal officials. Henry became increasingly infirmed and his son Edward effectively ruled for the remainder of his reign.
Henry carried out a number of reforms to the coinage. In England the Short Cross penny was replaced by the Long Cross penny to discourage clipping. The number of mints was also reduced and he also introduced a Gold Penny although this was not successful and was rapidly withdrawn. In Ireland and also in the Anglo Gallic series there were also a number of issues.

The post Henry III AD 1216-1272 Silver Penny Short Cross London appeared first on Silbury Coins.

Long Cross type

Crowned bust facing

Ion / Bury St Edmunds

S1363; 17mm, 1.33g

Henry was only 9 years old when he became king and initially there was a Regency with William Marshall effectively in charge. After an unsuccessful attempt of invasion by the French in AD 1217 was defeated off Sandwich and eventually peace was restored when the treaty of Lambeth was signed. An agreement was also reached with the Barons.
William Marshall died in AD 1219 and was succeeded by Hubert De Burgh. When Henry assumed full control in AD 1227 Hubert De Burgh was retained as chief minister. In AD 1230 a new war broke out when Henry tried to reclaim his lost territories in France. This campaign achieved nothing.
At home Henry maintained peace with Scotland and in Wales his position was strengthened by the construction of many new castles. Revenues received from Ireland were also important and many new estates were also granted to supporters. In AD 1254 Henry’s son Edward was created Lord of Ireland. English influence in Ireland was at a peak for the Medieval period.
In AD 1258 Barons revolted again mainly over Henry’s style of government. Led by Simon De Montfort the barons attempted instigate reforms at the Provisions of Oxford however neither side was able to establish complete control. Eventually Civil War broke out and Henry was defeated at the Battle of Lewes in AD 1264 and was captured. His son, Edward then raised a new army and defeated the rebels at the Battle of Evesham where De Montfort was killed. Henry was released and took revenge sequestering many of the rebel’s land. He did however agree to a number of reforms which limited the power of some Royal officials. Henry became increasingly infirmed and his son Edward effectively ruled for the remainder of his reign.
Henry carried out a number of reforms to the coinage. In England the Short Cross penny was replaced by the Long Cross penny to discourage clipping. The number of mints was also reduced and he also introduced a Gold Penny although this was not successful and was rapidly withdrawn. In Ireland and also in the Anglo Gallic series there were also a number of issues.

The post Henry III AD 1216-1272 Silver Penny Long Cross Bury St Edmunds appeared first on Silbury Coins.

Crowned bust facing/Long Cross

London, mm. rose

S2000; 23mm, 2.33g

This coin comes with previous collectors handwritten label

Edward IV was born in Rouen and until the death of his father at the Battle of Wakefield in AD 1460 was known as the Earl of March. Taking up the Yorkist cause upon the death of his father Defeating the Lancastrians at Mortimers Cross and Towton he claimed the throne and was first crowned in AD 1461. He married Elizabeth Woodville in AD 1464. This led to a dispute with his chief adviser Richard Neville the Duke of Warwick. Eventually Warwick defected to the Lancastrians which resulted in Edward being deposed and Henry VI being reinstated. Edward fought back defeating Warwick at the Battle of Barnet and the Lancastrians at the Battle of Tewkesbury in AD 1471. Warwick as well as Henry VI’s son Edward were killed and shortly afterwards Henry VI in the Tower. Edward reclaimed the throne.

Edward’s spending greatly exceeded his income and as a result the coinage was debased during his reign with the introduction of the Light coinage in AD 1464. Edward was keen on the arts and his count was described as being one of the most splendid in Europe. Edward died suddenly in AD 1483.

The post Edward IV AD 1461-1471 Silver Groat London 1st reign, Light issue appeared first on Silbury Coins.

King and Archbishop jointly

Crowned bust facing/Long Cross

Canterbury, mm. tun

S2211; 19mm, 1.47g

Henry Tudor was the son of a Lancastrian, Edmund Earl of Richmond, and Margaret Beaufort who was a descendant of John of Gaunt. His father died before he was born whilst his mother Margaret was only 13 at the time of his birth. By AD 1483 Henry was the senior member of the house of Lancaster and was actively being promoted by his mother as an alternative to the Yorkists. Landing in Wales in August AD 1485 the 2 armies met at Bosworth Fields where Richard was defeated and killed.
Claiming the throne Henry was crowned in October AD 1485. The following year he made good on his pledge of marrying Elizabeth of York thereby uniting the Houses of Lancaster and York under the Tudor rose. Although he faced a number of threats Henry effectively established his rule and proved to be an able administrator and was also fiscally prudent. The were a number of reforms to the currency during his reign including the introduction of the magnificent gold sovereign as well as the introduction of the silver testoon and high quality silver profile coinage.
Henry was the last English king to win his throne in battle.

The post Henry VII AD 1485-1509 Silver Halfgroat Canterbury appeared first on Silbury Coins.

Archbishop Bainbridge, Keys under shield

York

S2262; 20mm, 1.33g

This coins comes with previous collectors handwritten label

Henry Tudor was the son of a Lancastrian, Edmund Earl of Richmond, and Margaret Beaufort who was a descendant of John of Gaunt. His father died before he was born whilst his mother Margaret was only 13 at the time of his birth. By AD 1483 Henry was the senior member of the house of Lancaster and was actively being promoted by his mother as an alternative to the Yorkists. Landing in Wales in August AD 1485 the 2 armies met at Bosworth Fields where Richard was defeated and killed.
Claiming the throne Henry was crowned in October AD 1485. The following year he made good on his pledge of marrying Elizabeth of York thereby uniting the Houses of Lancaster and York under the Tudor rose. Although he faced a number of threats Henry effectively established his rule and proved to be an able administrator and was also fiscally prudent. The were a number of reforms to the currency during his reign including the introduction of the magnificent gold sovereign as well as the introduction of the silver testoon and high quality silver profile coinage.
Henry was the last English king to win his throne in battle.

The post Henry VII AD 1485-1509 Silver Halfgroat York Profile issue appeared first on Silbury Coins.

King on horse/Oval shield

mm. triangle in circle

Group 4

S2779; 34mm, 14.66g

Born the second son of James I Charles became heir upon the death of his elder brother Henry in AD 1612. After an unsuccessful attempt to marry him to the Infanta of Spain Charles married the Catholic Henrietta Maria of France in AD 1625. Charles strongly believed in the divine right of kings and upon his accension to the throne in AD 1625 it was not long before he quarrelled with Parliament which tried to curb his powers. This caused increasing unrest at his attempts to raise taxes without Parliamentary consent. There was uneasiness with his religious policies in part due to his marriage to a Catholic queen. He also quarrelled with the Scottish bishops and eventually both the Scottish and English Parliaments rebelled starting the Civil War.
Having been defeated by armies raised by Parliament Charles eventually fled from Oxford to the north where he was captured by the Scots who handed him over to the Long Parliament in London. Refusing to accept a Constitutional monarchy Charles escaped to the Isle of Wight. Charles attempted to reassert his control but was defeated by the Parliamentarians under Cromwell who had him brought back to London and tried. This time Charles was sentenced to death and was executed in Whitehall in January AD 1649. This instigated the Commonwealth when the country was ruled as a Republic until Charles II was restored as king in AD 1660.
The reign of Charles I is one of the most interesting numismatically. Not only were many provincial mints set up, particularly during the Civil War period, some outstanding machine- made coins were produced both in England and Scotland under Nicholas Briot.

The post Charles I AD 1625-1649 Silver Halfcrown Tower under king appeared first on Silbury Coins.

King on horseback/Oval shield

mm. triangle in circle

Group 4

S2779; 34mm, 14.94g

Born the second son of James I Charles became heir upon the death of his elder brother Henry in AD 1612. After an unsuccessful attempt to marry him to the Infanta of Spain Charles married the Catholic Henrietta Maria of France in AD 1625. Charles strongly believed in the divine right of kings and upon his accension to the throne in AD 1625 it was not long before he quarrelled with Parliament which tried to curb his powers. This caused increasing unrest at his attempts to raise taxes without Parliamentary consent. There was uneasiness with his religious policies in part due to his marriage to a Catholic queen. He also quarrelled with the Scottish bishops and eventually both the Scottish and English Parliaments rebelled starting the Civil War.
Having been defeated by armies raised by Parliament Charles eventually fled from Oxford to the north where he was captured by the Scots who handed him over to the Long Parliament in London. Refusing to accept a Constitutional monarchy Charles escaped to the Isle of Wight. Charles attempted to reassert his control but was defeated by the Parliamentarians under Cromwell who had him brought back to London and tried. This time Charles was sentenced to death and was executed in Whitehall in January AD 1649. This instigated the Commonwealth when the country was ruled as a Republic until Charles II was restored as king in AD 1660.
The reign of Charles I is one of the most interesting numismatically. Not only were many provincial mints set up, particularly during the Civil War period, some outstanding machine- made coins were produced both in England and Scotland under Nicholas Briot.

The post Charles I AD 1625-1649 Silver Halfcrown Tower under king appeared first on Silbury Coins.

Short Cross type Issue 7c

Crowned bust facing/Voided Short Cross

London / Nicole

S1356C; 19mm, 1.44g

Comes with previous handwritten collectors label

Henry was only 9 years old when he became king and initially there was a Regency with William Marshall effectively in charge. After an unsuccessful attempt of invasion by the French in AD 1217 was defeated off Sandwich and eventually peace was restored when the treaty of Lambeth was signed. An agreement was also reached with the Barons.
William Marshall died in AD 1219 and was succeeded by Hubert De Burgh. When Henry assumed full control in AD 1227 Hubert De Burgh was retained as chief minister. In AD 1230 a new war broke out when Henry tried to reclaim his lost territories in France. This campaign achieved nothing.
At home Henry maintained peace with Scotland and in Wales his position was strengthened by the construction of many new castles. Revenues received from Ireland were also important and many new estates were also granted to supporters. In AD 1254 Henry’s son Edward was created Lord of Ireland. English influence in Ireland was at a peak for the Medieval period.
In AD 1258 Barons revolted again mainly over Henry’s style of government. Led by Simon De Montfort the barons attempted instigate reforms at the Provisions of Oxford however neither side was able to establish complete control. Eventually Civil War broke out and Henry was defeated at the Battle of Lewes in AD 1264 and was captured. His son, Edward then raised a new army and defeated the rebels at the Battle of Evesham where De Montfort was killed. Henry was released and took revenge sequestering many of the rebel’s land. He did however agree to a number of reforms which limited the power of some Royal officials. Henry became increasingly infirmed and his son Edward effectively ruled for the remainder of his reign.
Henry carried out a number of reforms to the coinage. In England the Short Cross penny was replaced by the Long Cross penny to discourage clipping. The number of mints was also reduced and he also introduced a Gold Penny although this was not successful and was rapidly withdrawn. In Ireland and also in the Anglo Gallic series there were also a number of issues.

The post Henry III AD 1216-1272 Silver Penny Short Cross London appeared first on Silbury Coins.

Long Cross issue, Class 10 /11

Crowned bust facing/Long Cross

London

S1437; 14mm, 0.62g

Comes with previous collectors handwritten label

Edward was one of the great warrior kings of the Middle Ages. Also known as Longshanks on account of his height and as the Hammer of the Scots he initially rebelled against his father, Henry III, but was loyal during the Barons war. Captured by the barons he quickly escaped and defeated and killed the baron’s leader Simon de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham in AD 1265. Effectively acting as Regent for the remainder of Henry’s reign Edward away on a Crusade when Henry died in AD 1272. During the early part of his reign he campaigned against the Welsh eventually conquering the country and installing his son, Edward II, as Prince of Wales. Many of the castles in Wales and the borders were built by Edward to help garrison the country.
Initially Edwards relations with Scotland were amical however after the death of Alexander III there was a crisis of succession. When John Balliol was eventually chosen to succeed his refusal accept Edward as overlord or to provide troops for Edwards campaign against France resulted in Edward’s invasion of Scotland in AD 1296. He beat the Scots at the Battle of Dunbar and captured Berwick upon Tweed. John Balliol was deposed and Edward also removed Scottish Coronation stone from Scone and took it back to Westminster.
The following year the Scots under William Wallace defeated the English. Edward returned to Scotland and eventually succeeded in capturing Wallace who was transported back to London where he was hung, drawn and quartered. The Scots then rallied under Robert the Bruce. Edward was on his way back to Scotland when he died near Carlisle.
Edward was instrumental in the establishment of Parliament and also for carrying out various Legal reforms. He also is known for his persecution of the English Jews and their eventual expulsion in AD 1290 following a long running dispute with the church.
During Edwards reign the great recoinage of AD 1279 saw Short Cross pennies being replaced by the Long Cross Penny in an attempt to prevent coins from being clipped. Silver Halfpennies and Farthings were introduced for the first time as well as a Silver Groat although in the case the groat the issue was soon withdrawn. There were also coin issues minted in Ireland whilst Edward was king and also Lord of Ireland prior to his accession. In the Anglo Gallic series coins in Edwards name were issued in both Aquitaine and Ponthieu.

The post Edward I AD 1272-1307 Silver Halfpenny Mule Long Cross London appeared first on Silbury Coins.